La importancia de la diversificación en la conformación de un portafolio de inversión en Colombia a partir del año 2009

Abstract

The diversification is important in the conformation of a portfolio of investment in Colombia as of year 2009, because without her the invested capital would be exposed to a major risk. Diversification is necessary to establish what assets are the most appropriate to make up for the investment portfolio to the extent that it is permitted, to the movements of the markets of the market, minimize the losses of it. By diversification risk can be managed. A portfolio is exposed to different types of risk, such as: Market risk (interest rate, inflation and exchange rate) credit risk, operational, legal liquidity, among others. To mitigate the effect of these risks on the portfolio, different methodologies and guidelines can be carried out to get diversification. One of them is based on the theory Markowitz efficient and provides maximum possible pro for a determined or an equivalent form if presents the least possible risk for a determined level of profitability. Efficient diversification is possible with statistical tools like correlation, the weaker this one it is between two assets the greater the probability of the hedging of the risk. Diversification is important and necessary for all types of investor, let it be called conservative, moderate or aggressive. Each one of them is facing certain level of risk and must work on it and the best way of doing it is diversifying his portfolio. There are in Colombia several financing instruments that allow you to build a portfolio, depending on its nature, there are those of fixed income, variable income, remittances and derivates. In the fixed revenue group TES, are traded government and private bonds, commercial legal motes and CDT's among others. With this range of investment possibilities, it is viable to make up for a diversified portfolio in Colombia. In brief, taking in to account the type of investor, the available instrument too is the presence of the different risk, the statistical too is and the relation between profitability and risk, it is possible to minimize the losses of the portfolio being made up. This process is to diversify and not to do, it is to leave the capital unprotected and susceptible to lots of losses by not executing the diversification it is the same as to retting not measuring the consequences this is how importance is established in diversification at the moment of conformation in at investment portfolio in Colombia.