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A 3-Year Sample of Almost 1,600 Elves Recorded Above South America by the Pierre Auger Cosmic-Ray Observatory

dc.creatorAab A.
dc.creatorAbreu P.
dc.creatorAglietta M.
dc.creatorAlbuquerque I.F.M.
dc.creatorAlbury J.M.
dc.creatorAllekotte I.
dc.creatorAlmela A.
dc.creatorAlvarez Castillo J.
dc.creatorAlvarez-Muñiz J.
dc.creatorAnastasi G.A.
dc.creatorAnchordoqui L.
dc.creatorAndrada B.
dc.creatorAndringa S.
dc.creatorAramo C.
dc.creatorAsorey H.
dc.creatorAssis P.
dc.creatorAvila G.
dc.creatorBadescu A.M.
dc.creatorBakalova A.
dc.creatorBalaceanu A.
dc.creatorBarbato F.
dc.creatorBarreira Luz R.J.
dc.creatorBaur S.
dc.creatorBecker K.H.
dc.creatorBellido J.A.
dc.creatorBerat C.
dc.creatorBertaina M.E.
dc.creatorBertou X.
dc.creatorBiermann P.L.
dc.creatorBiteau J.
dc.creatorBlaess S.G.
dc.creatorBlanco A.
dc.creatorBlazek J.
dc.creatorBleve C.
dc.creatorBoháčová M.
dc.creatorBoncioli D.
dc.creatorBonifazi C.
dc.creatorBorodai N.
dc.creatorBotti A.M.
dc.creatorBrack J.
dc.creatorBretz T.
dc.creatorBridgeman A.
dc.creatorBriechle F.L.
dc.creatorBuchholz P.
dc.creatorBueno A.
dc.creatorBuitink S.
dc.creatorBuscemi M.
dc.creatorCaballero-Mora K.S.
dc.creatorCaccianiga L.
dc.creatorCalcagni L.
dc.creatorCancio A.
dc.creatorCanfora F.
dc.creatorCarceller J.M.
dc.creatorCaruso R.
dc.creatorCastellina A.
dc.creatorCatalani F.
dc.creatorCataldi G.
dc.creatorCazon L.
dc.creatorCerda M.
dc.creatorChinellato J.A.
dc.creatorChudoba J.
dc.creatorChytka L.
dc.creatorClay R.W.
dc.creatorCobos Cerutti A.C.
dc.creatorColalillo R.
dc.creatorColeman A.
dc.creatorColuccia M.R.
dc.creatorConceição R.
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dc.creatorPękala J.
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dc.creatorVergara Quispe I.D.
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dc.creatorWilczyński H.
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dc.creatorZong Z.
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dc.date2020
dc.date.accessioned2021-02-05T14:57:44Z
dc.date.available2021-02-05T14:57:44Z
dc.identifier.issn23335084
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11407/5903
dc.descriptionElves are a class of transient luminous events, with a radial extent typically greater than 250 km, that occur in the lower ionosphere above strong electrical storms. We report the observation of 1,598 elves, from 2014 to 2016, recorded with unprecedented time resolution (100 ns) using the fluorescence detector (FD) of the Pierre Auger Cosmic-Ray Observatory. The Auger Observatory is located in the Mendoza province of Argentina with a viewing footprint for elve observations of 3.106 km2, reaching areas above the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, as well as the Córdoba region, which is known for severe convective thunderstorms. Primarily designed for ultrahigh energy cosmic-ray observations, the Auger FD turns out to be very sensitive to the ultraviolet emission in elves. The detector features modified Schmidt optics with large apertures resulting in a field of view that spans the horizon, and year-round operation on dark nights with low moonlight background, when the local weather is favorable. The measured light profiles of 18% of the elve events have more than one peak, compatible with intracloud activity. Within the 3-year sample, 72% of the elves correlate with the far-field radiation measurements of the World Wide Lightning Location Network. The Auger Observatory plans to continue operations until at least 2025, including elve observations and analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this observatory is the only facility on Earth that measures elves with year-round operation and full horizon coverage. ©2020. The Authors.
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherWiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd
dc.relation.isversionofhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85083673851&doi=10.1029%2f2019EA000582&partnerID=40&md5=00d687850a3b8f304d10436b80f043c6
dc.sourceEarth and Space Science
dc.titleA 3-Year Sample of Almost 1,600 Elves Recorded Above South America by the Pierre Auger Cosmic-Ray Observatory
dc.typeArticleeng
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.identifier.doi10.1029/2019EA000582
dc.subject.keywordatmospheric convectioneng
dc.subject.keywordcosmologyeng
dc.subject.keywordfluorescence spectroscopyeng
dc.subject.keywordionosphereeng
dc.subject.keywordobservatoryeng
dc.subject.keywordsamplingeng
dc.subject.keywordtemporal analysiseng
dc.subject.keywordthunderstormeng
dc.subject.keywordtimescaleeng
dc.subject.keywordArgentinaeng
dc.subject.keywordCordoba [Argentina]eng
dc.subject.keywordMendozaeng
dc.relation.citationvolume7
dc.relation.citationissue4
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad de Ciencias Básicasspa
dc.affiliationAab, A., IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
dc.affiliationAbreu, P., Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas – LIP and Instituto Superior Técnico – IST, Universidade de Lisboa – UL, Lisboa, Portugal
dc.affiliationAglietta, M., Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino (INAF), Torino, Italy, INFN, Sezione di Torino, Torino, Italy
dc.affiliationAlbuquerque, I.F.M., Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
dc.affiliationAlbury, J.M., University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
dc.affiliationAllekotte, I., Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro (CNEA-UNCuyo-CONICET), San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
dc.affiliationAlmela, A., Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional – Facultad Regional Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
dc.affiliationAlvarez Castillo, J., Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F., Mexico
dc.affiliationAlvarez-Muñiz, J., Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (I.G.F.A.E.), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
dc.affiliationAnastasi, G.A., Gran Sasso Science Institute, L'Aquila, Italy, INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (L'Aquila), Italy
dc.affiliationAnchordoqui, L., Department of Physics and Astronomy, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, NY, United States
dc.affiliationAndrada, B., Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
dc.affiliationAndringa, S., Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas – LIP and Instituto Superior Técnico – IST, Universidade de Lisboa – UL, Lisboa, Portugal
dc.affiliationAramo, C., INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
dc.affiliationAsorey, H., Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro (CNEA-UNCuyo-CONICET), San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
dc.affiliationAssis, P., Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas – LIP and Instituto Superior Técnico – IST, Universidade de Lisboa – UL, Lisboa, Portugal
dc.affiliationAvila, G., Observatorio Pierre Auger, Malargüe, Argentina, Observatorio Pierre Auger and Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Malargüe, Argentina
dc.affiliationBadescu, A.M., University Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
dc.affiliationBakalova, A., Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
dc.affiliationBalaceanu, A., “Horia Hulubei” National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
dc.affiliationBarbato, F., INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy, Dipartimento di Fisica “Ettore Pancini”, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy
dc.affiliationBarreira Luz, R.J., Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas – LIP and Instituto Superior Técnico – IST, Universidade de Lisboa – UL, Lisboa, Portugal
dc.affiliationBaur, S., Institut für Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationBecker, K.H., Department of Physics, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
dc.affiliationBellido, J.A., University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
dc.affiliationBerat, C., Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble Institute of Engineering Université Grenoble Alpes, LPSC-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
dc.affiliationBertaina, M.E., INFN, Sezione di Torino, Torino, Italy, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Torino, Torino, Italy
dc.affiliationBertou, X., Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro (CNEA-UNCuyo-CONICET), San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
dc.affiliationBiermann, P.L., Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Bonn, Germany
dc.affiliationBiteau, J., Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris/Saclay, CNRS-IN2P3, Orsay, France
dc.affiliationBlaess, S.G., University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
dc.affiliationBlanco, A., Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas – LIP and Instituto Superior Técnico – IST, Universidade de Lisboa – UL, Lisboa, Portugal
dc.affiliationBlazek, J., Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
dc.affiliationBleve, C., Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica “E. De Giorgi”, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy, INFN, Sezione di Lecce, Lecce, Italy
dc.affiliationBoháčová, M., Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
dc.affiliationBoncioli, D., Gran Sasso Science Institute, L'Aquila, Italy, INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (L'Aquila), Italy
dc.affiliationBonifazi, C., Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
dc.affiliationBorodai, N., Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Krakow, Poland
dc.affiliationBotti, A.M., Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
dc.affiliationBrack, J., Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
dc.affiliationBretz, T., III. Physikalisches Institut A, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
dc.affiliationBridgeman, A., Institute for Experimental Particle Physics (ETP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationBriechle, F.L., III. Physikalisches Institut A, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
dc.affiliationBuchholz, P., Universität Siegen, Fachbereich 7 Physik – Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Siegen, Germany
dc.affiliationBueno, A., Universidad de Granada and C.A.F.P.E., Granada, Spain
dc.affiliationBuitink, S., Vrije Universiteit Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
dc.affiliationBuscemi, M., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy, INFN, Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy
dc.affiliationCaballero-Mora, K.S., Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
dc.affiliationCaccianiga, L., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano, Milano, Italy
dc.affiliationCalcagni, L., IFLP, Universidad Nacional de La Plata and CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
dc.affiliationCancio, A., Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional – Facultad Regional Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
dc.affiliationCanfora, F., IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands, Nationaal Instituut voor Kernfysica en Hoge Energie Fysica (NIKHEF), Science Park, Amsterdam, Netherlands
dc.affiliationCarceller, J.M., Universidad de Granada and C.A.F.P.E., Granada, Spain
dc.affiliationCaruso, R., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy, INFN, Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy
dc.affiliationCastellina, A., Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino (INAF), Torino, Italy, INFN, Sezione di Torino, Torino, Italy
dc.affiliationCatalani, F., Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Universidade de São Paulo, Lorena, SP, Brazil
dc.affiliationCataldi, G., INFN, Sezione di Lecce, Lecce, Italy
dc.affiliationCazon, L., Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas – LIP and Instituto Superior Técnico – IST, Universidade de Lisboa – UL, Lisboa, Portugal
dc.affiliationCerda, M., Observatorio Pierre Auger, Malargüe, Argentina
dc.affiliationChinellato, J.A., IFGW, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
dc.affiliationChudoba, J., Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
dc.affiliationChytka, L., RCPTM, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
dc.affiliationClay, R.W., University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
dc.affiliationCobos Cerutti, A.C., Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM)and Universidad Tecnológica Nacional – Facultad Regional Mendoza (CONICET/CNEA), Mendoza, Argentina
dc.affiliationColalillo, R., INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy, Dipartimento di Fisica “Ettore Pancini”, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy
dc.affiliationColeman, A., Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
dc.affiliationColuccia, M.R., Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica “E. De Giorgi”, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy, INFN, Sezione di Lecce, Lecce, Italy
dc.affiliationConceição, R., Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas – LIP and Instituto Superior Técnico – IST, Universidade de Lisboa – UL, Lisboa, Portugal
dc.affiliationCondorelli, A., Gran Sasso Science Institute, L'Aquila, Italy, INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (L'Aquila), Italy
dc.affiliationConsolati, G., INFN, Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Aerospaziali, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
dc.affiliationContreras, F., Observatorio Pierre Auger, Malargüe, Argentina, Observatorio Pierre Auger and Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Malargüe, Argentina
dc.affiliationCooper, M.J., University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
dc.affiliationCoutu, S., Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
dc.affiliationCovault, C.E., Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
dc.affiliationDaniel, B., IFGW, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
dc.affiliationDasso, S., Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio (IAFE, CONICET-UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina, Departamento de Física and Departamento de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y los Océanos, FCEyN, Universidad de Buenos Aires and CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
dc.affiliationDaumiller, K., Institut für Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationDawson, B.R., University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
dc.affiliationDay, J.A., University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
dc.affiliationde Almeida, R.M., EEIMVR, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Volta Redonda, RJ, Brazil
dc.affiliationde Jong, S.J., IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands, Nationaal Instituut voor Kernfysica en Hoge Energie Fysica (NIKHEF), Science Park, Amsterdam, Netherlands
dc.affiliationMauro, G., IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands, Nationaal Instituut voor Kernfysica en Hoge Energie Fysica (NIKHEF), Science Park, Amsterdam, Netherlands
dc.affiliationde Mello Neto, J.R.T., Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, Observatório do Valongo, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
dc.affiliationMitri, I., Gran Sasso Science Institute, L'Aquila, Italy, INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (L'Aquila), Italy
dc.affiliationde Oliveira, J., EEIMVR, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Volta Redonda, RJ, Brazil
dc.affiliationde Oliveira Salles, F.O., Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
dc.affiliationde Souza, V., Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
dc.affiliationDebatin, J., Institute for Experimental Particle Physics (ETP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationdel Río, M., Observatorio Pierre Auger and Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Malargüe, Argentina
dc.affiliationDeligny, O., Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris/Saclay, CNRS-IN2P3, Orsay, France
dc.affiliationDhital, N., Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Krakow, Poland
dc.affiliationDíaz Castro, M.L., IFGW, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
dc.affiliationDiogo, F., Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas – LIP and Instituto Superior Técnico – IST, Universidade de Lisboa – UL, Lisboa, Portugal
dc.affiliationDobrigkeit, C., IFGW, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
dc.affiliationD'Olivo, J.C., Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F., Mexico
dc.affiliationDorosti, Q., Universität Siegen, Fachbereich 7 Physik – Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Siegen, Germany
dc.affiliationdos Anjos, R.C., Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor Palotina, Palotina, Brazil
dc.affiliationDova, M.T., IFLP, Universidad Nacional de La Plata and CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
dc.affiliationDundovic, A., II. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
dc.affiliationEbr, J., Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
dc.affiliationEngel, R., Institute for Experimental Particle Physics (ETP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationErdmann, M., III. Physikalisches Institut A, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
dc.affiliationEscobar, C.O., Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, United States
dc.affiliationEtchegoyen, A., Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional – Facultad Regional Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
dc.affiliationFalcke, H., IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands, Nationaal Instituut voor Kernfysica en Hoge Energie Fysica (NIKHEF), Science Park, Amsterdam, Netherlands, Stichting Astronomisch Onderzoek in Nederland (ASTRON), Dwingeloo, Netherlands
dc.affiliationFarmer, J., Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
dc.affiliationFarrar, G., New York University, New York, NY, United States
dc.affiliationFauth, A.C., IFGW, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
dc.affiliationFazzini, N., Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, United States
dc.affiliationFeldbusch, F., Institut für Prozessdatenverarbeitung und Elektronik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationFenu, F., INFN, Sezione di Torino, Torino, Italy, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Torino, Torino, Italy
dc.affiliationFerreyro, L.P., Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
dc.affiliationFigueira, J.M., Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
dc.affiliationFilipčič, A., Experimental Particle Physics Department, J. Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Center for Astrophysics and Cosmology (CAC), University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
dc.affiliationFreire, M.M., Instituto de Física de Rosario (IFIR) – CONICET/U.N.R. and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas U.N.R., Rosario, Argentina
dc.affiliationFujii, T., Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, Now at the Hakubi Center for Advanced Research and Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
dc.affiliationFuster, A., Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional – Facultad Regional Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
dc.affiliationGarcía, B., Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM)and Universidad Tecnológica Nacional – Facultad Regional Mendoza (CONICET/CNEA), Mendoza, Argentina
dc.affiliationGemmeke, H., Institut für Prozessdatenverarbeitung und Elektronik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationGherghel-Lascu, A., “Horia Hulubei” National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
dc.affiliationGhia, P.L., Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris/Saclay, CNRS-IN2P3, Orsay, France
dc.affiliationGiaccari, U., Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
dc.affiliationGiammarchi, M., INFN, Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
dc.affiliationGiller, M., Faculty of Astrophysics, University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
dc.affiliationGłas, D., Faculty of High-Energy Astrophysics, University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
dc.affiliationGlombitza, J., III. Physikalisches Institut A, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
dc.affiliationGobbi, F., Observatorio Pierre Auger, Malargüe, Argentina
dc.affiliationGolup, G., Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro (CNEA-UNCuyo-CONICET), San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
dc.affiliationGómez Berisso, M., Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro (CNEA-UNCuyo-CONICET), San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
dc.affiliationGómez Vitale, P.F., Observatorio Pierre Auger, Malargüe, Argentina, Observatorio Pierre Auger and Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Malargüe, Argentina
dc.affiliationGongora, J.P., Observatorio Pierre Auger, Malargüe, Argentina
dc.affiliationGonzález, N., Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
dc.affiliationGoos, I., Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro (CNEA-UNCuyo-CONICET), San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina, Institut für Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationGóra, D., Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Krakow, Poland
dc.affiliationGorgi, A., Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino (INAF), Torino, Italy, INFN, Sezione di Torino, Torino, Italy
dc.affiliationGottowik, M., Department of Physics, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
dc.affiliationGrubb, T.D., University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
dc.affiliationGuarino, F., INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy, Dipartimento di Fisica “Ettore Pancini”, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy
dc.affiliationGuedes, G.P., Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Brazil
dc.affiliationGuido, E., INFN, Sezione di Torino, Torino, Italy, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Torino, Torino, Italy
dc.affiliationHalliday, R., Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
dc.affiliationHampel, M.R., Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
dc.affiliationHansen, P., IFLP, Universidad Nacional de La Plata and CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
dc.affiliationHarari, D., Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro (CNEA-UNCuyo-CONICET), San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
dc.affiliationHarrison, T.A., University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
dc.affiliationHarvey, V.M., University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
dc.affiliationHaungs, A., Institut für Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationHebbeker, T., III. Physikalisches Institut A, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
dc.affiliationHeck, D., Institut für Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationHeimann, P., Universität Siegen, Fachbereich 7 Physik – Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Siegen, Germany
dc.affiliationHill, G.C., University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
dc.affiliationHojvat, C., Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, United States
dc.affiliationHolt, E.M., Institute for Experimental Particle Physics (ETP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationHomola, P., Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Krakow, Poland
dc.affiliationHörandel, J.R., IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands, Nationaal Instituut voor Kernfysica en Hoge Energie Fysica (NIKHEF), Science Park, Amsterdam, Netherlands
dc.affiliationHorvath, P., RCPTM, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
dc.affiliationHrabovský, M., RCPTM, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
dc.affiliationHuege, T., Institut für Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, Vrije Universiteit Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
dc.affiliationHulsman, J., Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina, Institut für Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationInsolia, A., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy, INFN, Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy
dc.affiliationIsar, P.G., Institute of Space Science, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
dc.affiliationJandt, I., Department of Physics, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
dc.affiliationJohnsen, J.A., Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, United States
dc.affiliationJosebachuili, M., Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
dc.affiliationJurysek, J., Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
dc.affiliationKääpä, A., Department of Physics, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
dc.affiliationKampert, K.H., Department of Physics, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
dc.affiliationKeilhauer, B., Institut für Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationKemmerich, N., Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
dc.affiliationKemp, J., III. Physikalisches Institut A, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
dc.affiliationKlages, H.O., Institut für Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationKleifges, M., Institut für Prozessdatenverarbeitung und Elektronik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationKleinfeller, J., Observatorio Pierre Auger, Malargüe, Argentina
dc.affiliationKrause, R., III. Physikalisches Institut A, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
dc.affiliationKuempel, D., Department of Physics, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
dc.affiliationKukec Mezek, G., Center for Astrophysics and Cosmology (CAC), University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
dc.affiliationKuotb Awad, A., Institute for Experimental Particle Physics (ETP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationLago, B.L., Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca, Nova Friburgo, Brazil
dc.affiliationLaHurd, D., Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
dc.affiliationLang, R.G., Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
dc.affiliationLegumina, R., Faculty of Astrophysics, University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
dc.affiliationLeigui de Oliveira, M.A., Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
dc.affiliationLenok, V., Institut für Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationLetessier-Selvon, A., Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Universités Paris 6 et Paris 7, CNRS-IN2P3, Paris, France
dc.affiliationLhenry-Yvon, I., Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris/Saclay, CNRS-IN2P3, Orsay, France
dc.affiliationLippmann, O.C., Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
dc.affiliationLo Presti, D., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy, INFN, Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy
dc.affiliationLopes, L., Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas – LIP and Instituto Superior Técnico – IST, Universidade de Lisboa – UL, Lisboa, Portugal
dc.affiliationLópez, R., Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
dc.affiliationLópez Casado, A., Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (I.G.F.A.E.), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
dc.affiliationLorek, R., Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
dc.affiliationLuce, Q., Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris/Saclay, CNRS-IN2P3, Orsay, France
dc.affiliationLucero, A., Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
dc.affiliationMalacari, M., Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
dc.affiliationMancarella, G., Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica “E. De Giorgi”, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy, INFN, Sezione di Lecce, Lecce, Italy
dc.affiliationMandat, D., Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
dc.affiliationManning, B.C., University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
dc.affiliationMantsch, P., Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, United States
dc.affiliationMariazzi, A.G., IFLP, Universidad Nacional de La Plata and CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
dc.affiliationMariş, I.C., Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
dc.affiliationMarsella, G., Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica “E. De Giorgi”, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy, INFN, Sezione di Lecce, Lecce, Italy
dc.affiliationMartello, D., Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica “E. De Giorgi”, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy, INFN, Sezione di Lecce, Lecce, Italy
dc.affiliationMartinez, H., Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV), México, D.F., Mexico
dc.affiliationMartínez Bravo, O., Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
dc.affiliationMastrodicasa, M., INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (L'Aquila), Italy, Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università dell'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
dc.affiliationMathes, H.J., Institut für Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationMathys, S., Department of Physics, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
dc.affiliationMatthews, J., Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
dc.affiliationMatthiae, G., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Roma, Italy, INFN, Sezione di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Roma, Italy
dc.affiliationMayotte, E., Department of Physics, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
dc.affiliationMazur, P.O., Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL, United States
dc.affiliationMedina-Tanco, G., Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F., Mexico
dc.affiliationMelo, D., Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
dc.affiliationMenshikov, A., Institut für Prozessdatenverarbeitung und Elektronik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationMerenda, K.-D., Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, United States
dc.affiliationMichal, S., RCPTM, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
dc.affiliationMicheletti, M.I., Instituto de Física de Rosario (IFIR) – CONICET/U.N.R. and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas U.N.R., Rosario, Argentina
dc.affiliationMiddendorf, L., III. Physikalisches Institut A, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
dc.affiliationMiramonti, L., Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano, Milano, Italy, INFN, Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
dc.affiliationMitrica, B., “Horia Hulubei” National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
dc.affiliationMockler, D., Institute for Experimental Particle Physics (ETP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationMollerach, S., Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro (CNEA-UNCuyo-CONICET), San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
dc.affiliationMontanet, F., Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble Institute of Engineering Université Grenoble Alpes, LPSC-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
dc.affiliationMorello, C., Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino (INAF), Torino, Italy, INFN, Sezione di Torino, Torino, Italy
dc.affiliationMorlino, G., Gran Sasso Science Institute, L'Aquila, Italy, INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (L'Aquila), Italy
dc.affiliationMostafá, M., Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
dc.affiliationMüller, A.L., Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina, Institut für Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationMuller, M.A., IFGW, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil, Also at Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Poços de Caldas, Brazil
dc.affiliationMüller, S., Institute for Experimental Particle Physics (ETP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationMussa, R., INFN, Sezione di Torino, Torino, Italy
dc.affiliationNellen, L., Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F., Mexico
dc.affiliationNguyen, P.H., University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
dc.affiliationNiculescu-Oglinzanu, M., “Horia Hulubei” National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
dc.affiliationNiechciol, M., Universität Siegen, Fachbereich 7 Physik – Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Siegen, Germany
dc.affiliationNitz, D., Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States, Also at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationNosek, D., Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
dc.affiliationNovotny, V., Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
dc.affiliationNoža, L., RCPTM, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
dc.affiliationNucita, A., Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica “E. De Giorgi”, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy, INFN, Sezione di Lecce, Lecce, Italy
dc.affiliationNúñez, L.A., Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
dc.affiliationOlinto, A., Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
dc.affiliationPalatka, M., Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
dc.affiliationPallotta, J., Centro de Investigaciones en Láseres y Aplicaciones, CITEDEF and CONICET, Villa Martelli, Argentina
dc.affiliationPanetta, M.P., Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica “E. De Giorgi”, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy, INFN, Sezione di Lecce, Lecce, Italy
dc.affiliationPapenbreer, P., Department of Physics, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
dc.affiliationParente, G., Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (I.G.F.A.E.), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
dc.affiliationParra, A., Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
dc.affiliationPech, M., Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
dc.affiliationPedreira, F., Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (I.G.F.A.E.), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
dc.affiliationPękala, J., Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Krakow, Poland
dc.affiliationPelayo, R., Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria en Ingeniería y Tecnologías Avanzadas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (UPIITA-IPN), México, D.F., Mexico
dc.affiliationPeña-Rodriguez, J., Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
dc.affiliationPereira, L.A.S., IFGW, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
dc.affiliationPerlin, M., Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
dc.affiliationPerrone, L., Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica “E. De Giorgi”, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy, INFN, Sezione di Lecce, Lecce, Italy
dc.affiliationPeters, C., III. Physikalisches Institut A, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
dc.affiliationPetrera, S., Gran Sasso Science Institute, L'Aquila, Italy, INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (L'Aquila), Italy
dc.affiliationPhuntsok, J., Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
dc.affiliationPierog, T., Institut für Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationPimenta, M., Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas – LIP and Instituto Superior Técnico – IST, Universidade de Lisboa – UL, Lisboa, Portugal
dc.affiliationPirronello, V., Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Catania, Catania, Italy, INFN, Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy
dc.affiliationPlatino, M., Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
dc.affiliationPoh, J., Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
dc.affiliationPont, B., IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
dc.affiliationPorowski, C., Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Krakow, Poland
dc.affiliationPrado, R.R., Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
dc.affiliationPrivitera, P., Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
dc.affiliationProuza, M., Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
dc.affiliationPuyleart, A., Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States
dc.affiliationQuerchfeld, S., Department of Physics, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
dc.affiliationQuinn, S., Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
dc.affiliationRamos-Pollan, R., Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
dc.affiliationRautenberg, J., Department of Physics, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
dc.affiliationRavignani, D., Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
dc.affiliationReininghaus, M., Institut für Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationRidky, J., Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
dc.affiliationRiehn, F., Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas – LIP and Instituto Superior Técnico – IST, Universidade de Lisboa – UL, Lisboa, Portugal
dc.affiliationRisse, M., Universität Siegen, Fachbereich 7 Physik – Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Siegen, Germany
dc.affiliationRistori, P., Centro de Investigaciones en Láseres y Aplicaciones, CITEDEF and CONICET, Villa Martelli, Argentina
dc.affiliationRizi, V., INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (L'Aquila), Italy, Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università dell'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
dc.affiliationRodrigues de Carvalho, W., Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
dc.affiliationRodriguez Rojo, J., Observatorio Pierre Auger, Malargüe, Argentina
dc.affiliationRoncoroni, M.J., Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
dc.affiliationRoth, M., Institut für Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationRoulet, E., Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro (CNEA-UNCuyo-CONICET), San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
dc.affiliationRovero, A.C., Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio (IAFE, CONICET-UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
dc.affiliationRuehl, P., Universität Siegen, Fachbereich 7 Physik – Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Siegen, Germany
dc.affiliationSaffi, S.J., University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
dc.affiliationSaftoiu, A., “Horia Hulubei” National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
dc.affiliationSalamida, F., INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (L'Aquila), Italy, Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università dell'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
dc.affiliationSalazar, H., Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
dc.affiliationSalina, G., INFN, Sezione di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Roma, Italy
dc.affiliationSanabria Gomez, J.D., Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
dc.affiliationSánchez, F., Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
dc.affiliationSantos, E.M., Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
dc.affiliationSantos, E., Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
dc.affiliationSarazin, F., Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, United States
dc.affiliationSarmento, R., Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas – LIP and Instituto Superior Técnico – IST, Universidade de Lisboa – UL, Lisboa, Portugal
dc.affiliationSarmiento-Cano, C., Instituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
dc.affiliationSato, R., Observatorio Pierre Auger, Malargüe, Argentina
dc.affiliationSavina, P., Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica “E. De Giorgi”, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy, INFN, Sezione di Lecce, Lecce, Italy
dc.affiliationSchauer, M., Department of Physics, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
dc.affiliationScherini, V., INFN, Sezione di Lecce, Lecce, Italy
dc.affiliationSchieler, H., Institut für Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
dc.affiliationSchimass
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