This article presents an analysis of the direct and indirect barriers to access to justice for the Afro-descendant population in the city of Medellín. For this purpose, the authors used a mixed methodology with documentary analysis, tracking and analysis of jurisprudence and regulations, and consultation of official statistical reports. The results of the research show the social, economic, ethnic, age, territorial and technological factors that limit access to justice for the Afro-descendant population. It is concluded that there is a need to carry out a massive dissemination process regarding the legislation concerning Afro-descendants, the formulation of public policies, plans and programs that take into account their cosmovision, their own rights and ancestral justice, their effective inclusion in different scenarios, the promotion of the autonomous process of ethno-education and the real incentive of spaces for their own and ancestral justice. This will pave the way for effective material equality, effective protection of their rights and access to justice for the Afro-descendant population in Medellín and in Colombia. © 2024, University Institution of Envigado. All rights reserved.