A theoretical investigation on electronic states in triangular MoS2 quantum dots of different sizes is performed within density functional theory first-principles formalism. Herein, the associated interband optical response from real and imaginary parts of the dielectric function is calculated. The study considers both undoped and Al-, Si-, and P-doped systems. Spin-related magnetic properties are considered through the evaluation of total magnetic moment. It is revealed that small enough structures have a semiconductor character, but evolve to seemingly half-metallic with increasing dot size. Nonzero magnetic response is attributed to edge effects. Magnetic behavior of doped systems deviates from the linear dependence of the total magnetic moment with size occurring in the undoped case, producing situations with higher total momentum values. It is found that increasing the doping density may have certain influence over total magnetic moment response of the structures, although edge dominance is kept all the way. Optical properties are not as sensitive to incident light polarization, but they actually do with regard to the particular spin orientation. Calculation for the refraction index in the triangular quantum dots shows values still below the accepted in the MoS2 monolayer case, although a correct trend of variation is reported in this sense. © 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH